if-else

Want to give your program the power of decision-making? Just add if-else statements to the code.

This is where the identation practices come into play. (Wrong output despite the if-else statement can frustate you :P)

if-else can be nested and can also be extended by elif statements (if you have more than 2 choices)

• Truth value testing: Another good practice

  if x:
      # code statements
  

  and not x == True:

  I have made this mistake many times.

  The reason you shouldn’t do this is that every single object in Python can be evaluated to True or False. The PEP 8 Style Guide recommends against comparing a value to True or False as it is less readable and will frequently return an unexpected Boolean. (I found the reason with the help of this link)

Looping

Want the program do to a task repeatedly? Loop the task instead of writing it multiple times

Lists

A data structure. Implemented using square brackets. You can use slicing to access specific elements of list: list[start:stop-before:step]

• Learnt about range() function from a new perspective. Did not realize earlier that it was a generator function.